Found 20832 Geology Products.
This revised and thoroughly updated edition maintains and develops the two major themes of the first edition. First is the connection between fault and earthquake mechanics, including fault scaling laws, the nature of fault populations, and how these result from the processes of fault growth and interaction. Second is the central role of the rate-state friction laws in earthquake mechanics, which provide a unifying framework within which a wide range of faulting phenomena can be interpreted.
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Biomarkers are compounds found in crude oil with structures inherited from once-living organisms. They persist in oil spills, refinery products and archaeological artifacts, and can be used to identify the origin, geological age and environmental conditions prevalent during their formation and alteration. These two volumes will be an invaluable resource for geologists, petroleum geochemists, biogeochemists, environmental and forensic scientists, natural product chemists and archaeologists. The first of two volumes of The Biomarker Guide discusses the origins of biomarkers and introduces basic chemical principles relevant to their study. It goes on to discuss analytical techniques, and the applications of biomarkers in environmental and archaeological problems.
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Highly acclaimed as an outstanding contribution to its field, the fourth edition of this authoritative text gives comprehensive up-to-date coverage of both the classical and modern concepts of physical geology, providing an ideal introduction to the subject. Distinctive in its visual appeal, the text makes exceptional use of some 430 unusually fine photographs, many by noted photographers as well as some of the best work from the U.S. Geologic Survey collection.
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This unique book presents a learn-by-doing introduction to geostatistics.Geostatistics provides the essential numerical tools for addressing research problems that are encountered in fields of study such as geology, engineering, and the earth sciences. Illustrating key methods through both theoretical and practical exercises, Solved Problems in Geostatistics is a valuable and well-organized collection of worked-out problems that allow the reader to master the statistical techniques for modeling data in the geological sciences.The book's scope of coverage begins with the elements from statistics and probability that form the foundation of most geostatistical methodologies, such as declustering, debiasing methods, and Monte Carlo simulation. Next, the authors delve into three fundamental areas in conventional geostatistics: covariance and variogram functions; kriging; and Gaussian simulation. Finally, special topics are introduced through problems involving utility theory, loss functions, and multiple-point geostatistics.Each topic is treated in the same clearly organized format. First, an objective presents the main concepts that will be established in the section. Next, the background and assumptions are outlined, supplying the comprehensive foundation that is necessary to begin work on the problem. A solution plan demonstrates the steps and considerations that have to be taken when working with the exercise, and the solution allows the reader to check their work. Finally, a remarks section highlights the overarching principles and noteworthy aspects of the problem.Additional exercises are available via a related Web site, which also includes data related to the book problems and software programs that facilitate their resolution. Enforcing a truly hands-on approach to the topic, Solved Problems in Geostatistics is an indispensable supplement for courses on geostatistics and spatial statistics a the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels.It also serves as an applied reference for practicing professionals in the geosciences.
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Whether you are an armchair geologist or a seasoned professional, this pocket guide is a handy reference for describing physical science vocabulary in Spanish. Contains over 2,400 terms.
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All ecosystems have a history of past human impacts, some obvious, others subtle, Emily Russell contends in this fascinating exploration of historical ecology. To understand the lingering consequences of human history on current ecosystems and landscapes, and conversely to understand the role that changing environments have played in human history, the author urges an interdisciplinary approach. Different disciplines working together can develop information that none alone can provide. History matters for all manner of ecological and environmental studies, both theoretical and applied, says Russell, and integration of these disciplines can assist us in dealing responsibly with our role in the biosphere.The Web of Interactions begins with a discussion of three major sources of evidence that elucidate the history of an ecosystem: historical documents, field studies, and sedimentary records. The author then considers ways that people have affected the environment over time, using for examples a wide variety of habitats from all over the world. Some instances of human impact on the environment -- such as using fire and altering species ranges -- are difficult to distinguish from nonhuman impacts. Others -- such as agriculture and patterns of land ownership -- are distinctly human. The book's final section shows how a historical ecological approach deepens understanding of current environmental issues, including changes to lakes, loss of biodiversity, and sustainability of the biosphere."By merging ecology and the history of human activity and drawing from diverse international examples, Russell defines an impressive approach for reading, interpreting, and managing natural landscapes".-- David Foster, Director of the Harvard Forest, Harvard University
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Decades of field and microscope studies, and more recent quantitative geochemical analyses have resulted in a vast, and sometimes overwhelming, array of nomenclature and terminology associated with igneous rocks. This book presents a complete classification of igneous rocks based on all the recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks. The glossary of igneous terms has been fully updated since the first edition and now includes 1637 entries, of which 316 are recommended by the Subcommission. Incorporating a comprehensive bibliography of source references for all the terms included in the glossary, this book is an indispensable reference guide for all geologists studying igneous rocks, either in the field or the laboratory. It presents a standardised and widely accepted naming scheme that will allow geologists to interpret terminology in the primary literature and provide formal names for rock samples based on petrographic analyses. It is also supported by a website with downloadable code for chemical classifications.
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This book describes microbially induced sedimentary structures as new group in the Classification of Primary Sedimentary Structures. Those structures rise from the interaction of benthic microorganisms with physical sediment dynamics caused by waves and currents. We can observe the formation of those features today in modern coastal settings, where the structures are much more common than stromatolites. However, fossil structures occur since the earliest Archean, and are abundant throughout Earth history. The structures constitute a significant archive for the understanding of Earth?s earliest worlds, and are important biosignatures for the detection of life on other planets. This book is for sedimentologists, paleontologists, microbiologists, and geobiologists likewise.
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